The study of the spin-parity and tensor structure of the interactions of the recently discovered Higgs boson is performed using the , , , , and decay modes. The full dataset recorded by the CMS experiment during the LHC Run 1 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 5.1~\mathrm{fb}^{-1} at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and up to 19.7~\mathrm{fb}^{-1} at 8 TeV. A wide range of spin-two models is excluded at a 99% confidence level or higher, or at a 99.87% confidence level for the minimal gravity-like couplings, regardless of whether assumptions are made on the production mechanism. Any mixed-parity spin-one state is excluded in the and modes at a greater than 99.999% confidence level. Under the hypothesis that the resonance is a spin-zero boson, the tensor structure of the interactions of the Higgs boson with two vector bosons , , , and is investigated and limits on eleven anomalous contributions are set. Tighter constraints on anomalous interactions are obtained by combining the and measurements. All observations are consistent with the expectations for the standard model Higgs boson with the quantum numbers .